Particularly, the universities out of Salerno and you will Montpellier were vehiclesfor new dissemination of those works

4. Dark ages

Some time before, Bishop Nestorius (381-451 approx.), which grabbed haven in between Eastern in a location ranging from the present Iraq and you will Egypt, got produced which have your their knowledge of classical science, leading to the newest spread away from Greek-Roman medicine within these section.

The newest political events of one’s very early Middle ages brought about a beneficial rupture ranging from Religious Europe, with its auctoritas people – in the hands out-of just a few scholars – plus the Middle east of one’s Caliphs, where courtesy an environment out-of tolerance and you may social ferment, the latest messages out-of Hippocrates and you will Galen was indeed interpreted and you may mentioned on the in the Arabic, getting extensive and you can really-identified .

Inside perspective, a couple of great experts carry out what they do : this new Persian Avicenna (980-1037) [8, 9] and Andalusian Jew Maimonides (1135-1204) . Thanks to them, the newest history away from Hippocrates and you can Galen isn’t only maintained, however, advances throughout the European countries: brand new Reconquista of Spain (718-1492) and you can the newest relationships toward Near Eastern promote essential social exchanges, Avicenna’s Cannon of Medication and you will Galen’s Corpus is actually diffused also the latest Latin translations ascribed to Gerard away from Cremona (1114-1187), when you’re Maimonides’ messages was disseminated on Jewish world, with other very first scientific texts, through translations from the Ibn Tibbon family unit members (13-fourteen th years).

It was exactly how Hippocratic principles out of melancholia and you can hysteria pass on into the late-gothic European countries, along with told circles these types of sickness was indeed addressed considering just what we’re going to name the newest “scientific” attention. In particular, which recommended making use of melissa since the an organic remedy bravery down comforter (melissa is actually thought higher level even in cases of insomnia, epilepsy, melancholy, passing out matches, etcetera.) [step 3, 12].

Together with the natural remedies, sort of “psychotherapy” put up, skilled just by the Avicenna, but also for analogy by Arnaldus out-of Villa Nova (1240-1311). The latter, considered gothic Europe’s finest physician, is mentioned along with Galen and you will Avicenna on inventories out-of physicians’ libraries on Modern era .

It is extremely interesting to notice you to definitely from the many treatises diffused at the time (Constantine the fresh new African’s Viaticum and you can Pantegni, but also the Canon away from Avicenna and you will Arnaldus away from Property Nova’s texts) people have been often not named “patients” to be healed but alternatively due to the fact “produce ” of a particular people condition, recognized as amor heroycus and/or madness off love, unfulfilled sexual desire .

However, we can not discuss women’ wellness among Many years instead mentioning Trotula de- Ruggiero off Salerno (eleven th century). If you’re due to the fact a lady she you will never ever become a beneficial magister, Trotula is the first females doctor for the Religious European countries: she belonged to your ranks away from well-known girls active in the Salerno College but discredited, among others, by the Arnaldus from Property Nova .

Adopting the slip of the Roman Empire, Greek-Roman medical people got its the fresh epicenter within the Byzantium, where doctors passed down Galen’s research versus and make any extreme inous was Paul regarding Aegina, 625-690 Advertising)

Named sanatrix Salernitana, Trotula was a professional when you look at the women’ diseases and you will issues. Acknowledging girls as being more susceptible than boys, she said the way the distress regarding gynecological diseases was “intimate”: people commonly, from guilt, do not show their trouble towards the doctor. The lady most commonly known work, De- passionibus mulierum ante, when you look at the et post-partum, business people trouble, plus hysteria. Loyal on lessons out of Hippocrates, Trotula are based on the study out-of women’ disease, where she tried to bring brand new gifts, without being determined by this new prejudices and you can morals out of the girl go out, plus providing suggestions about ideas on how to placate libido: in her own really works abstinence can be regarded as a factor in illness and you will she advises sedative remedies such as for example musk oils or mint .